Improvement in covering the sides and roofs of buildings with slates



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"PETERS. PMOTO-UTNOGRAPHgR, WASHINGTON, B Cv 2 Sheets-Sheet LESLIE.Coveringthe Side and Roof of Buildlngs with Slate...

'ffytentead Jan. 8, 1878.

WITNESSES 4 ATTORNEYS- N PETERS, PHOTO-LITNOGRAPNEE, WASHINGTON G, C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND N. LESLIE, OF SKANEATELES, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COVERING THE SIDES ANI) ROOFS 0F BUILDINGS WITH SLATES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No 199,075, dated January8, 1878; application filed November 10, 1877.

To all whom it may concern: 7

Be it known that I, EDMUND NORMAN LEs- LIE, of Skaneateles, in thecounty of Onondaga and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Covering the Sides and Roofs of Buildings with Slates, ofwhich the following is a specification:

Figure 1, Sheet 1, represents a portion-of the side of a buildingillustrating my invention. Fig. 2, Sheet 1, is ahorizontalsection of thesame, showing the construction of the vertical seams. Fig. 3, Sheet 1,is avertical section of the same, showing the construction of thehorizontal seams. Fig. 4, Sheet 1, is a view of a portion of Fig. 3enlarged, and showing the upper slate partly drawn to its place. Fig.'5, Sheet 1, are detail cross-sections of the sheet-metal strips for theseams. Fig. 6, Sheet 1, represents a sheet-metal binding for the edgesof the slates under projections. Fig. 7, Sheet 1, is a perspective viewof a portion of a building to which my invention has been applied. Fig.8, Sheet 2, represents a portion of the roof of a building to which myinvention has been applied. Fig. 9, Sheet 2, are detail sectionsillustrating the construction of the cross-seams. Fig. 10, Sheet 2, is across-section of a strip of sheet metal for the upright seams. Fig. 11,Sheet 2, represents a modification of the same. Fig. 12, Sheet 2,isaview representing a mode of arranging the slates upon a roof.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

The object of this invention is to cover the sides and roofs ofbuildings with slates, laid flat or without lap, in such a way as tomake the covering water-proof against rain and fire-proof against firefrom the outside, and in such a way that the covering may be eco nomicaland easily and quickly applied.

The invention consists in the combination of longitudinally-bent stripsof sheet metal with the adjacent edges of slates laid flat upon thesurface to be covered, to form water-tight cross and upright seams"between said edges, and in the combination of a plastic cement witlfthesheet metal strips and the edges of the slates, as hereinafter fullydescribed.

In applying this invention to practical use the sides and roof of thebuilding are covered with a sheeting of boards, and a layer of paper maybe placed upon the outer surface of said sheeting as a non-conductor ofheat or cold.

A represents slates,which are secured in place by screws passing throughthem near their lower edges, and countersunk, so that their heads may beflush with the outer surface'of the said slates. The horizontal seamsbetween the edges of the adjacent slates are formed by strips B of sheetmetal, which are bent longitudinally, so that their lower edges mayoverlap the upper edges of the lower slates, and their upper edges maybe beneath the lower edges of the upper slates, as shown in Figs. 3, 4,and 9. The angles of the strips B are so formed that the said strips maybe drawn down into place by the lower edges of the upper slates as saidupper slates are drawn into place by their screws, so that theelasticity of the strips B may hold their edges pressed closely againstthe slates to insure close joints.

In the case of cross-seams upon a roof, the middle part of the strips Bmay be made straight or curved, and the lower angle may be so formed asto project above the slates, as shown. in Fig. 9, to form gutters toguide the water to the upright channels. The upright seams are formed ofstrips 0 of sheet metal, the sides of which may incline upward from thecenter, as shown in Figs. 5 and 11,or from near said side edges, asshown in Fig. 10, so

that their elasticity may hold their edges pressed firmly against theslates when drawn down flat by said slates.

The strips 0 may have a square beadformed longitudinally upon theirmiddle parts, to project between the slates, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.This bead is especially intended for use upon the sides of thebuildings, and need not be used upon roofs. The overlapping edges of thestrips B and the projectingbeads of the strips 0 will represent mortarseams, and will give the building the appearance of being a stonestructure. This effect maybeincreased by painting the strips B 0 whitebefore applying them to the building, which will have the furtheradvantage of preventing the said strips from being injured by rusting.

Thelower ends of the upright strips 0 over lap the upper edges of thecross-strips B, to

prevent water from finding its way in beneath the slates.

The entrance of watermay be further guarded against, especially uponroofs, by applying an elastic or plastic cement to the side parts of thestrips before securing the slates in place.

' In the case of roofs, I prefer to arrange the slates A diagonally insections, as illustrated in Fig. 12, so that the cross-seamsmay be shortand inclined. In this case the upright seams at the lower ends of theshort inclined seams should be made wider, to serve as channels to carrythe water to the eaves. The edges of the slates A along projections maybe provided with a sheet-metal binding, D, formed of strips of sheetmetal bent twice at right angles, so as to fit upon the said edges,theouter parts of said strips representing mortar seams.

as herein shown and described.

2. The combination of a plastic cement with the sheet-metal strips B Gand the edges of the slates A, substantially as herein shown anddescribed.

EDMUND NORMAN LESLIE.

Witnesses GEORGE BARROW, ELIAS THORM.

